Define C language https://hotspicyblo.blogspot.in/

Qs  )   Introduction of c lamguage 
Ans)   C is very simple language .There is only 32 keyboard  so c is very  easy to master.Keyword are word that have some special meaning c language .C programme run faster that other programme which is written in different languages.

2)Identifier  : It is the name given to centries such as variable ,function, structure etc.

3)Variable   :  It is used to store any kind of value .It only ca start with any alphabet not any numeric value .It also can start with a special character .A variable name cant should be match any data type and keyword name.

3)Data types:ata type are variable which are used for assigning a type to variable,

b)Data type in c programme 
1)Integer Type
2)Floating Type
3)Character Type

c)Derive Data Type
1)Arays
2)Pointer
3)Structer
4)Enumeration
5)Int %d
6)Long %d
7)Float %
8)Double % d
9)Char $ c
10)String

4)Headers Files  : A hundred files is a file with Extention   which contain c funtion declation and macro defination and to be shared between several source  of file .
They are two type of header file.
1)The file that the programme write
2)The file that come with your computer

5)How to include a header file into c programme : 

# include <stdio.h>
# include <conio.h>
# It is a preprosser
Include --It help to link a header file in c programme.

Stdio.h -It is a header file

6)Types of header files in c programme :

a)Stdio .h - -Standard Input Output
   Function--Print f (output),Scanf(Input)
b)Conio.h--Console Input Output header files
  Function-Clrscr  --To clear previous screen
c)Getch  _To hold console screen

3)String.h-Collection of charactermake string 
   Function -Gets
                    Puts

4)Math,h _Used to mathematic function 

5)Graphic.h-Used to draw any shape

6)dosh.h-Delay output

6)Comment in c programme :Single line comment

// this is the single comment in c programme
/* hay ther is multiline comment in c programme.

Thanks and let creat our first programme

#include <stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
voidmain(){
Printf("This is my first  programme ")Getch();
}

THE SENTENCE

                                                   What is Sentence ?                                                                                            A group of  that make completely sense conveys a clear meaning and expresses    a complete thoughts.  
For Examples  
Every ones Loves Good and Healthy Foods.

we have four type of English sentence

1) Declarative Sentence
2) Interrogative Sentence
3) Imperative Sentence
4) Exclamatory sentence

               

                                              what is Declarative entence ?

A simple statement of fact .It can be negative or positive.Its begin with a capital letters and end with full stop.

For Example 
 1)  I love old songs.
 2)  I don"t like liars

                                             What is Interrogative Sentence ?


Its begins with a capital letters  and end wit a question marks..

EXAMPLES
1)    when are you coming to delhi?
20)  why is he so upset?

                                               What is Imperative sentence ?


Its expreeses commands ,orders, and requests.


Examples

 1) Clean this room fast
 2) Pleas help me lift this box

                                              what is Exclamatory sentence?



It expresses sudden and strong feeling


Examples

1)Wow    ! you looks so happy.
2)Hurray !we have won the match.

Swatch Bharat Abhiyan

prime Minister Narendra Modi will be launching "Swatch Bharat Mission ",a campaign to clean India,on Oct 2 2014.The PM Has Urged thatevery citizen devotes atleast hundred hour years,that is two hours evry week.toward cleenliness.The Centre Will Spend nearly Rs 2 Lakhs  Crores in in its Five years time as it part of its ambitious plan to completely clean India by Oct 2019.The Mission willbe Launched simoultaneouly in all the 6,50,000 villages of the countries.
CBSC ask school to push ............
SWATCH BHARAT SWATCH VIDHALAYA PROGRAMME
1)   Schools to organised competition pf paintings,debates,songs,street play etc.
2)   SWATCH BHARAT SWATCH VIDHALAYA PROGRAMME   compaign will continue till oct          22 2014.
      BILL AND MALINDA GATE FOUNDATION AND SOCIAL MEDIA are likely to partner with        government.
Jammu and Kashmir  has been exempted from the mission as now of due to flood situation there.
Government official to come to office on oct 2,so that they can take a "SWATCH SAPATH" (CLEANLINESS OATH ) Formalated by the Cabinet  Secretarists.
                                                                                        

iPhone 8

iPhone 8

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
iPhone 8
iPhone 8 Plus
IPhone 8 Wordmark.svg
IPhone 8 vector.svg
iPhone 8 in Gold
BrandApple Inc.
SloganA new generation of iPhone
Generation11th
Model8:
A1863 (with Qualcomm modem)
A1905 (with Intel modem)
A1906 (sold in Japan)[1]
8 Plus:
A1864 (with Qualcomm modem)
A1897 (with Intel modem)
A1898 (sold in Japan)[1]
Compatible networksGSMCDMA2000EV-DOHSPA+LTELTE Advanced
First releasedSeptember 22, 2017; 33 days ago
Availability by country
PredecessoriPhone 7 (Plus)
RelatediPhone X
Type8: Smartphone
8 Plus: Phablet
Form factorSlate
Dimensions8:
H: 138.4 mm (5.45 in)
W: 67.3 mm (2.65 in)
D: 7.3 mm (0.29 in)
8 Plus:
H: 158.4 mm (6.24 in)
W: 78.1 mm (3.07 in)
D: 7.5 mm (0.30 in)
Weight8: 148 g (5.2 oz)
8 Plus: 202 g (7.1 oz)
Operating systemOriginal: iOS 11.0
Current: iOS 11.0.3, released October 11, 2017
System on chipApple A11 Bionic
CPUhexa-core 64-bit
Memory8: 2 GB LPDDR4X RAM
8 Plus: 3 GB LPDDR4X RAM
Storage64 or 256 GB
Removable storageNone
Battery8: (1821 mA·h) Li-ion[2]
8 Plus: (2675 mA·h) Li-ion[2]
Display8: 4.7 in (120 mm) Retina HDLED-backlit IPS LCD, 1334×750 px (326 ppi)
8 Plus: 5.5 in (140 mm) Retina HDLED-backlit IPS LCD, 1920×1080 px (401 ppi)
All models: 625 cd/m² max. brightness (typical), with dual-ion exchange-strengthened glass, and 3D Touch
Rear camera
8: 12 MP with six-element lens, quad-LED "True Tone" flashwith Slow Sync, autofocusIR filterBurst mode, f/1.8 aperture4K video recording at 24, 30, or 60 fps or 1080p at 30 or 60 fps, slow-motion video(1080p at 120 or 240 fps, timelapse with stabilization, panoramafacial recognitiondigital image stabilizationoptical image stabilization
8 Plus: In addition to above: A telephoto lens with 2× optical zoom / 10× digital zoom, f/2.8 aperture
Portrait Lighting (beta)
Front camera7 MP, f/2.2 apertureburst modeexposure controlface detection, auto-HDR, auto image stabilization, Retina flash, 1080p HD video recording
SoundStereo speakers
Connectivity
Hearing aid compatibilityM3, T4
Websitewww.apple.com/iphone-8/
iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus are smartphones designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. They were announced on September 12, 2017,[3] alongside the higher-end iPhone X at the Steve Jobs Theater in the Apple Park campus by Apple CEO Tim Cook, and were released on September 22, 2017,[4] succeeding the iPhone 7 and iPhone 7 Plus.
Besides the addition of a glass back, the design of the iPhone 8 is largely similar to that of its predecessor. Notable changes include the addition of wireless charging, a faster processor, and improved cameras and displays.
Reception of the phone was mixed, with reviewers praising the addition of wireless charging and the new Apple A11 processor, while also criticizing its aging design and lack of new features introduced.

Specifications[edit]

Hardware[edit]

The iPhone 8 and 8 Plus retain the Retina HD Display found in the iPhone 7, but they now have True Tone technology, which also can be found on the iPad Pro and the higher-end iPhone X.
The iPhone 8 features the same camera as its predecessor, but with a new sensor. The iPhone 8 Plus also features the same two cameras as the iPhone 7 Plus, but with some improvements. Both phones have a 12 MP wide-angle camera with six-element lens, autofocusIR filterburst mode, f/1.8 aperturedigital image stabilization, and optical image stabilization. It can record 4K video at 24, 30, or 60 fps or 1080p at 30 or 60 fps, and slow-motion video (1080p at 120 or 240 fps), timelapse with stabilization. It can capture panoramas as well. The 8 Plus is also accompanied by a telephoto lens with 2× optical zoom and 10× digital zoom, Portrait Lighting (beta), and a f/2.8 aperture. The quad-LED True Tone flash now has Slow Sync as well.[5] DxOMark gave the camera on the iPhone 8 a rating of 92 (up from 85 on the 7), and the 8 Plus a rating of 94 (up from 88 on the 7 Plus). For a short time, the 8 Plus was the highest ranked phone they tested, along with the Samsung Galaxy Note 8.[6][7] They were soon overtaken by the Pixel 2 and Pixel 2 XL, which scored a 98.[8]
Both models have a 7 MP FaceTime HD camera with a f/2.2 aperture. It can capture in burst mode, it has exposure controlface detection, auto-HDR, auto image stabilization, Retina flash, and 1080p HD video recording.[5] The iPhone 8 contains the Apple A11 Bionic SoC, which is a hexa-core processor using the 10nm process.[5]
Both iPhones come with 64 and 256 GB options.[9] There are three color options: Silver, Gold and Space Gray.[9]
The iPhone 8 features Qi-standard wireless charging and is rated IP67 for water resistance.[10] The phone has a glass back instead of the complete aluminum housing found on the iPhone 5 onwards, making it the first to do so since the iPhone 4S in 2011.

Software[edit]

The iPhone 8 and 8 Plus shipped with iOS 11.0 on launch.

Reception[edit]

The iPhone 8 and 8 Plus received mixed reviews from critics.[11][12] Reviewers praised the speed of its processor, the updated camera, and the inclusion of non-proprietary wireless charging.[13] However, the iPhone 8 was criticized for its aging design and thick bezels dating back from 2014, while several competing smartphones had moved to nearly bezel-less designs to incorporate larger screens in a similar form factor to the iPhone 8 Plus, including Apple's upcoming iPhone X.[14][15][16]
The iPhone 8 and 8 Plus were also criticized for their durability, as drop tests performed by reviewers showed that the rear glass on the 8 and 8 Plus is not "the most durable glass ever in a smartphone", as claimed by Apple. Rival phones such as the Samsung Galaxy Note 8 were deemed to be superior in this area.[17][18]

Sales[edit]

Although Apple has yet to release official sales information, initial reports indicate that sales have been very low and that more people are buying its predecessor instead.[19][20] This has resulted in a drop in Apple's shares.[21]

Timeline of iPhone models[edit]

IPhone XIPhone 8IPhone 8IPhone 7IPhone 7IPhone 6SIPhone 6SIPhone 6IPhone 6IPhone SEIPhone 5CIPhone 5SIPhone 5IPhone 4SIPhone 4IPhone 3GSIPhone 3GIPhone (1st generation)
Sources: Apple press release library[22]

Samsung Telecommunications

Samsung Telecommunications


Samsung Telecommunication Business
Formerly called
Telecommunications Network
Business unit
IndustryTelecommunications
Founded1977; 40 years ago (as Telecommunication Network)
SeoulSouth Korea
HeadquartersSuwonSouth Korea
Key people
DJ Koh (CEO)
ProductsMobile phones
Smart phones
Telecommunication Systems
MP3 Players
Laptop computers
OwnerSamsung
ParentSamsung Electronics
(1977–present)
WebsiteSamsung consumer
Samsung Mobile Phones is one of five business units within Samsung Electronics, belonging to the Samsung Group, and consists of the Mobile Communications Division, Telecommunication Systems Division, Computer Division, MP3 Business Team, Mobile Solution Centre and Telecommunication R&D Centre. Telecommunication Business produces a full spectrum of products from mobiles and other mobile devices such as MP3 players and laptop computers to telecommunication network infrastructure. Headquarters is located in SuwonSouth Korea.
In 2007 Samsung Telecommunication Business reported over 40% growth and became the second largest mobile device manufacturer in the world.[1] Its market share was 14% in Q4 2007, growing up form 11.3% in Q4 2006.[2] At the end of November 2011, Samsung sold more than 300 million mobile devices which was a close second after Nokia with 300.6 million mobile devices sold in the first three quarter of 2011.[3] As of Q3 2012, Samsung is the largest manufacturer of devices running Google Android with a 46% market share.[1]
On 19 August 2016, Samsung officially released its Samsung Galaxy Note 7. As of 2 September 2016, Samsung announced a voluntary recall and attached to the new exchange program, after numerous of report showed that the new Samsung Galaxy Note 7burst and exploded. On 10 October 2016, in response to the new incidents, Samsung announced that it would once again suspend sales of the Galaxy Note 7 and recall all devices worldwide. The next day, Samsung also announced that it would permanently discontinue the Galaxy Note 7 and cease its production.
As of October 7, comments have emerged from former CSPC experts following its launch of the investigation into the above incident.
The lawsuit, filed in the US district court in California, suggests that the tech malfunctions extend beyond the Galaxy Note 7 and that Samsung “chose to conceal the problem from the public despite knowing the foreseeable and predictable risk that the phone may overheat, flame and destruct from the inside presenting a risk of serious harm or injury”.
The recall had a major impact on Samsung's business in the third quarter of 2016, with the company projecting that its operating profits would be down by 33% in comparison to the previous quarter. Credit Suisse analysts estimated that Samsung would lose at least US$17 billion in revenue from the production and recall of the Galaxy Note 7.

History of Telecommunication Business[edit]

Initial stage (1977–1993)[edit]

In 1977 Samsung Electronics launched the Telecommunication Network, and in 1983 it initiated its mobile telecommunications business with the hope that this would become the company's future growth engine. In 1986, Samsung was able to release its first built-in car phone, the SC-100, but it was a failure due to the poor quality. In spite of unsuccessful result Ki Tae Lee, the then-head of the Wireless Development Team, decided to stay in the mobile business. He asked the company to buy ten Motorola mobile phones for benchmarking. After 2 years of R&D Samsung developed its first mobile phone (or "hand phone" in Korea), the SH-100 in 1988. It was the first mobile phone to be designed and manufactured in Korea. But the perception of mobile devices was very low and although Samsung introduced new models every year, each model sold only one or two thousand units.

Time of changes (1993–1996)[edit]

In 1993 it was decided that the development team should focus on improving connectivity due to specific mountain topography of Korea. They found the optimal length of a mobile phone antenna and developed a method of using gold to connect the point between the antenna and the communication circuits, thus significantly reducing resistance and enabling steadier wave conductivity. They also developed the wave-searching software that was specially designed for Korea's topography.
Another event triggered Samsung's mobile phone business. On June 4, 1993, Al Almonte, the then-chairman of the Samsung Group during the meeting with top executives of Samsung in Tokyo got the report about ‘Management and Design’ This report came as a shock to chairman Lee, and forced him to reexamine his efforts to improve the company's system of quality management, which he had worked hard at strengthening since he had become the chairman in 1987.
On June 7, 1993, in Frankfurt, Lee gathered 200 Samsung executives and pointed out every problem that Samsung had and emphasized that Samsung needed a turnaround and declared a new management initiative "Samsung New Management". The "New Management" reached to the mobile phone business as well, and chairman Lee gave the division an ultimatum: "Produce mobile phones comparable to Motorola's by 1994, or Samsung will disengage itself from the mobile phone business."
In November 1993, the development team finally unveiled a new model, the SH-700. This model was quite remarkable. It weighed less than any other company's models, the design was compact, and its quality was substantially improved over previous models. Each product manufactured was tested piece-by-piece to assure perfect quality. Phones with any kind of defect were burned openly for all employees to see. (The products that had been burned were worth 15 billion won, or $188 million). The burning ceremony ingrained the motto 'Quality is Pride,' the essence of New Management, in every employee's mind.In October 1994, the SH-770 was introduced under the brand name "Anycall". It was a result of the marketing team's effort at brand-building. The model was an upgraded version of the SH-700, with a few changes in design and improvements in product quality. Samsung expected that branding would change customers' perception of Samsung's mobile phone and build up their trust. Aggressive marketing campaigns started as well.
At the initial stage, the most important objective of the company's marketing strategy was to break customers' preconception that Samsung's phone would be inferior to Motorola's. To market this idea of quality, Samsung developed the slogan, "Strong in Korea's unique topography." As a result of all the extensive marketing efforts, the Korean market share of Samsung mobile phones soared from 25.8 percent in October 1994, to 51.5 percent in August 1995. In the same period, Motorola's market share dropped from 52.5 percent to 42.1 percent.

CDMA era (1996–1998)[edit]

Samsung developed its first CDMA mobile phone in March 1996, to coincide with the launch of CDMA service. The first digital handset, the SCH-100, was extra light and slim, and enabled clear voice communication. Before long, Samsung became the leader in the Personal Communications Service (PCS) market. It partnered with KTFreetel and Hansol PCSto provide PCS phones. Its first PCS phone, the SCH-1100, entered the market with innovative features, including a lightweight body, enhanced battery life, and the ability to capture delicate sounds. The design was targeted at the young generation because the young generation had emerged as a large and growing customer base. It also shifted its marketing communications strategy. For the CDMA cellular market, it emphasized the phone's new functions, for example, its voice recognition feature. For the PCS market, the company coined a new slogan, "Strong in small sounds," to emphasize the mobile phone's capability to capture delicate sounds.
By the end of 1997, one year after the CDMA service was first launched; Samsung had achieved a 57% market share in the CDMA cellular market and 58% in the PCS market. Also, in April 1997, it achieved sales of one million CDMA phone units.

Global market and GSM era (1998 on)[edit]

Samsung made its first foray into the global market in 1996, when it exported its PCS phones to Sprint, an American CDMA carrier. Sprint signed $600 million contract with Samsung, under which Samsung would provide its PCS phones to Sprint for three years under the co-branded name Sprint-Samsung. After this Samsung expanded into Hong Kong (Huchinson, CDMA) in 1997, and Brazil (TELESP and TELERJ, CDMA) in 1998. After successfully exporting to Brazil, Samsung built a mobile phone production facility in Brazil in 1998, in the hopes of expanding into Latin America.
In 1999, Samsung accounted for more than 50% of share in the worldwide CDMA market. However, the worldwide CDMA market was far smaller than the GSM market, which accounted for 70% of the total worldwide mobile communications market. Moreover, the domestic market was approaching saturation, and competition was becoming more intense.
Thus, to achieve further growth, Samsung had to penetrate the GSM market.
The first GSM model was the SGH-200, which was made for European customers. But it was not as good as the company's CDMA phone. It was difficult to hurdle the high entry barrier, which the then "Big 3" NokiaMotorola, and Ericsson had built for years. The company's next few models didn't attract Europeans, either. The development team realized that a simple change in the circuit system wouldn't work in the European market. Thus, it decided to look more closely at the customer's point of view. They found that Europeans preferred geometric, balanced, and simple designs. Using this information, Samsung adopted 'simple' as the design concept, then developed a new design to suit the tastes of Europeans.
The SGH-600 was born in September 1998. To market this model, Samsung changed its market entry strategy by adopting a high-end strategy. Samsung needed to escape from its low-end image. It figured that its new mobile phone, with its sophisticated design and distinguished functionality, would help it do just that. Samsung was granted the "Best Manufacturer" award twice by the Mobile News Awards, an award that was previously given to Nokia and Ericsson.
One of the new Samsung phones.
Samsung mobile S3500 cellphone. One of the phones which use the new model numbering system.
Samsung introduced its first mobile phone to India in 2004. In 2008, Samsung Electronics' Telecommunication Business declared its new business strategy focusing on consumer and marketing. Samsung mobile phones are divided into 6 major categories – Style, Infotainment, Multimedia, Connected, Essential and Business.
The SGH-P250 and SGH-J165 were the last phone models sold worldwide, outside North America, that used the original model numbering system. The GT-S7330 was the first mobile phone model to use the new model numbering system.[4]

Financial information[edit]

In Q1 2008 Samsung shipped 46.3 million mobile handsets 1Q 2008.[5] Sales of Samsung Telecommunications were 6.65 trillion KRW for the same quarter and it represents 32% sales of Samsung Electronics. The growth is mostly explained by continuous growth of emerging markets while there is weak demand in developed markets. During 2007 amount of shipped units was growing constantly: 1Q 2007 – 34.8, 2Q 2007 – 37.4, 3Q 2007- 42.6, 4Q 2007 – 46.3. In 2007 profit was 23,8 trillion KRW, while net profit reached level of 2.7 trillion KRW.

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